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An Empirical Study on the Effect of Financial Constraints on the Growth of Korean Manufacturing Firms

  • Kim, Yong Hwan
  • Lee, Yun Jae
  • Kim, Moon Kyum
This study aims at exploring the existence of financial constraints and its effect on the growth of Korean manufacturing firms. It also tests whether the development of domestic financial markets mitigates the financial constraints or not. A dynamic panel model which includes a lagged dependent variable as an explaining variable is employed. In particular, Generalized Method of Moments(GMM) is used to consider the endogeneity of variables and heterogeneity among individual groups. An unbalanced panel data of 1,096 listed manufacturing firms, whose data are from KIS-Line database, for a period of 1990¢¦2006 is used. In actual tests, I use the sensitivity of firm growth to a firm's cash flow as a proxy for the financial constraints. In later analyses, I include an interaction term, the cash flow multiplied by the degree of financial market development, to verify the effect of financial market development on the financial constraints. The main results of the empirical analyses are as follows: First, the cash flow, the most important independent variable in my study, has the most significant and a positive relationship with firm growth in the pooled sample. It shows that firm growth heavily depends on the firm's cash flow (internal funds), supporting my view that there exist financial constraints in Korean manufacturing firms. Meanwhile, firms in pre-crisis period, SMEs, young firms, and IT firms turn out to have relatively higher financial constraints. Second, the interaction term has a significant negative relationship with firm growth, suggesting that the promotion of domestic financial markets mitigates the financial constraints. It turns out that firms in post-crisis period, SMEs, young firms, and IT firms are benefited from the financial market development.
financial constraints,financial market development,firm growth